Recent and Significant Forage Research Papers from UK Faculty and Lexington USDA-FAPRU Researchers.

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Dr. Michael Flythe, USDA-ARS-FAPRU

Antimicrobial Effect of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Phenolic Extract on the Ruminal Hyper Ammonia-Producing Bacterium, Clostridium sticklandii. Michael Flythe & Isabelle Kagan. Current Microbiology volume 61, pages125–131(2010). 

Antimicrobial activity of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) extract on caprine hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria.  Michael D. Flythe, James L. Klotz, Gloria Gellin and Glen E. Aiken.  Agric. Food Anal. Bacteriol. afabjournal.com Vol. 3, Issue 3 - 2013, p. 176-185. 

Effect of Biochanin A on corn grain (Zea mays) fermentation by bovine rumen anylolytic bacteria.  B.E. Harlow, M.D. Flythe, G.E. Aiken.  Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 122, Issue 4, April 2017.  p. 870-880.

Biochanin A improves fibre fermentation by celluloytic bacteria.  Brittany E. Harlow, Michael D. Flythe, Glen E. Aiken.  Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 124, Issue 1, January 2018. p. 58-66. 

Biochanin A (an Isoflavone Produced by Red Clover) Promotes weight gain of Steers grazed in mixed grass pastures and fed dried-distillers' grains.  Brittany E. Harlow, Michael D. Flythe, Isabelle A. Kagan, Glen E. Aiken.  Crop Science, Vol. 57, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2017.  p. 506-514. 

536 Biochanin A mitigates rumen microbial changes associated with a sub-acute ruminal acidosis challenge.  B.E. Harlow, G.E. Aiken, J.L. Klotz, M.D. Flythe.  Journal of Animal Science, Vol. 95, Issue suppl_4, August 2017. p. 263. 

Isoflavone supplementation, via red clover hay, alters the rumen microbial community and promotes weight gain of steers grazing mixed grass pastures.  Brittany E. Harlow, Michael D. Flythe, Isabelle A. Kagan, Jack P. Goodman, James L. Klotz, Glen E. Aiken, PLOS ONE 15(3); e0229200.  March 13, 2020.

Mitigation of Ergot vasoconstriction by clover Isoflavones in goats (Capra hircus).  Glen E. Aiken, Michael D. Flythe, Isabelle A. Kagan, Hiubua Ji and Lowell P. Bush.  Frontiers in Vet. Science, Vol. 3, March 2016, p. 17. 

Rebecca L. McCulley, UK Plant & Soil Sciences

Patch Burning Tall Fescue Invaded Grasslands Alters Alkaloids and Tiller Defoliation with Implications for Cattle Toxicosis.  J.D. Scasta, R.L. McCulley, D.M. Engle, D. Debinski.  2021.  Rangeland Ecology and Management 75:130-140.

Time in Pasture Rotation Alters Soil Microbial Community Composition and Function and Increases Carbon Sequestration Potential in a Temperate Agroecosystem.  Dong Lin, Rebecca L. McCulley, Jim A. Nelson, Krista L. Jacobsen, Degang Zhang.  2020. Science of the Total Environment 698, 134233.

Tall Fescue and E. coenophiala Genetics Influence Root-Associated Soil Fungi in a Temperate Grassland.  Lindsey C. Slaughter, Jim A. Nelson, A. Elizabeth Carlisle, Marie Bourguignon, Randy D. Dinkins, Timothy D. Phillips and Rebecca L. McCulley.  2019. Frontiers in Microbiology. 10:2380.

Fungal Endophyte Infection Increases Tall Fescue’s Survival, Growth, and Flowering in a Reconstructed Prairie.  Jonathan D. Moore, Anna E. Carlisle, Jim A. Nelson, Rebecca L. McCulley.  2019. Restoration Ecology, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 1000-1007.

Climate Change and Epichloё coenophiala Association Modify Belowground Fungal Symbioses of Tall Fescue Host.  Lindsay C. Slaughter, Jim A. Nelson, Elizabeth Carlisle, Marie Bourguignon, Randy D. Dinkins, Timothy D. Phillips, Rebecca L. McCulley.  2018.  Fungal Ecology 31:37-46.

Soil Health as a Transformational Change Agent for US Grazing Lands Management.  Justin D. Derner, Alexander J. Smart, Theodore P. Toombs, Dana Larsen, Rebecca L. McCulley, Jeff Goodwin, Scott Sims, Leslie M. Roche.  2018.  The Soc. For Range Management. 

Asexual Ephichloё Endophytes Do Not Consistently Alter Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization in Three Grasses.  Eric Kalosa-Kenyon, Lindsey C. Slaughter, Jennifer A. Rodgers and Rebecca L. McCulley.  2018.  The American Midland Naturalist, 179(2): 157-165.

Alkaloid Quantities in Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue are Affected by the Plant-Fungus Combination and Environment.  M. Helander, T. Phillips, S.H. Faeth, L.P. Bush, R. McCulley, I. Saloniemi, K. Saikkonen.  2016. J. Chem. Ecol. 42:118-126.

Fungal Endophyte and Tall Fescue Cultivar Interact to Differentially Effect Bulk and Rhizosphere Soil Processes Governing C and N Cycling.  J. Guo, R.L. McCulley, T.D. Phillips, D.H. McNear, Jr. 2016.  Soil Biology and Biochemistry.

Performance of Endophyte Infected Tall Fescue in Europe and North America.  Kari Saikkonen, Timothy L. Phillips, Stanley H. Faeth, Rebecca L. McCulley, Irma Saloniemi, Marjo Helander.  2016.  PLoS ONE 11(6):e0157382 pp. 1-18.

Aboveground Epichloё coenophiala – Grass Associations Do Not Affect Belowground Fungal Symbionts or Associated Plant, Soil Parameters.  Lindsey C. Slaughter and Rebecca L. McCulley.  2016. Microbe Ecology 72:682-691.

Fungal Endophyte Symbiosis Alters Nitrogen Source of Tall Fescue Host, but not Nitrogen Fixation in Co-Occurring Red Clover.  Lindsey C. Slaughter, Anna E. Carlisle, Jim A. Nelson & Rebecca L. McCulley.  2015. Int. Journal of Plant-Soil Relationships, 405(1-2):1-14.

Seasonal Effects Stronger Than Three-Year Climate Manipulation on Grassland Soil Microbial Community.  Lindsey C. Slaughter, Michael N. Weintraub, Rebecca L. McCulley.  2015.  Soil Science Society of America Journal 79:1352-1365.

Ecophysiological Responses of Tall Fescue Genotypes to Fungal Endophyte Infection, Elevated Temperature, and Precipitation.  Marie Bourguignon, Jim A. Nelson, Elizabeth Carlisle, Huihua Ji, Randy D. Dinkins, Tim D. Phillips, and Rebecca L. McCulley. 2015.  Crop Science 55:2895-2909.

Tall Fescue Cultivar and Fungal Endophyte Combination Influence Plant Growth and Root Exudate Composition.  Jingqi Guo, Rebecca L. McCulley and David H. McNear, Jr. 2015. Frontier Plant Science 6:183.

Effects of Tall Fescue and It’s Fungal Endophyte on the Development and Survival of Tawny-Edged Skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Karin V. Jokela, Diane M. Debinski and Rebecca L. McCulley. 2015. Environmental Entomology p. 1-10.

Does Fungal Endophyte Infection Improve Tall Fescue’s Growth Response to Fire and Water Limitation.  Sarah L. Hall, Rebecca L. McCulley, Robert J. Barney, Timothy D. Phillips.  2014. PLoS ONE 9(1):e86904.

Warming Reduces Tall Fescue Abundance but Stimulates Toxic Alkaloid Concentrations in Transition Zone Pastures of the US.  Rebecca L. McCulley, Lowell P. Bush, Anna E. Carlisle, Huihua Ji and Jim A. Nelson.  2014. Frontiers in Chemistry. Vol. 2, Articles 88, p. 1-14.

Climate Drivers, Host Identity and Fungal Endophyte Infection Determine Virus Prevalence in a Grassland Ecosystem.  Megan A. Rua, Rebecca L. McCulley, and Charles E. Mitchell.  2014.  Journal of Ecology. 102, 690-699.

Fungal Endophyte Infection and Host Genetic Background Jointly Modulate Response to an Aphid-transmitted Viral Pathogen.  Megan A. Rua, Rebecca L. McCulley and Charles E. Mitchell.  2013. Journal of Ecology. 101:1007-1018.

Forages and Pastures Symposium:  Fungal Endophytes of Tall Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass:  Pasture Friend or Foe?  C.A. Young, D.E. Hume and R.L. McCulley.  2013. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2379-2394.

Fungal Endophyte Presence and Genotype Affect Plant Diversity and Soil-to-Atmosphere Trace Gas Fluxes.  Javed Iqbal, Jim A. Nelson, Rebecca L. McCulley.  2013.  Plant Soil 364:15-27.

Fungal Endophyte Infection Increases Carbon Sequestration Potential of Southeastern USA Tall Fescue Stands.  Javed Iqbal, Jacob A. Siegrist, Jim A. Nelson, Rebecca L. McCulley.  2012. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 44:81-92.

Restoration of Native Warm Season Grassland Species in a Tall Fescue Pasture Using Prescribed Fire and Herbicides.  Sarah Hall, Rebecca L. McCulley and Robert J. Barney.  Restoration Ecology.  March 2012, Vol. 20, No. 2. Pp. 194-201.

Effects of Multiple Climate Change Factors on the Tall Fescue-Fungal Endophyte Symbiosis: Infection Frequency and Tissue Chemistry. Glade B. Brosi, Rebecca L. McCulley, Lowell P. Bush, Jim A. Nelson, Aimee T. Classen, and Richard J. Norby.  2011.  New Phytologist 189:797-805.

Alkaloids May Not be Responsible for Endophyte-Associated Reductions in Tall Fescue Decomposition Rates.  Jacob A. Siegrist, Rebecca L. McCulley, Lowell P. Bush and Tim Phillips.  2010.  Functional Ecology 24:460-468.

Kelly M. Mercier

Nitrogen fertilizer rate effects on yield and botanical components of summer annual forage mixtures.  Kelly M. Mercier, Christopher D. Teutsch, S. Ray Smith, Edwin L. Ritchey, Kenneth H. Burdine, Eric S. Vanzant.  Agronomy Journal 2021: 1-14.

Dr. S. Ray Smith, UK Extension Forage Specialist

Enhanced efficiency nitrogen formulation on stockpiled tall fescue production. Payne, K., S.R. Smith, and B.M. Goff. 2021. Agronomy J. 2021:1-11.   

Optimal forage and supplement balance for organic dairy farms in the Southeastern United States. Allison, J., K.H. Burdine, C. Dillon, S.R. Smith, D.M. Butler, G. Bates, and G. Pighetti. 2020. Agricultural Systems Agricultural Systems 189:103048.

Characterizing genetically diverse blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths] seed sources. G.M.A. Friesen , S.R. Smith ,  D.J. Cattani, and A.T. Phan. 2020. Can. J. Botany 98:11.

The alliance for grassland renewal: a model for teaching endophyte technology. Roberts, C.A., J.G. Andrae, S.R. Smith, M.H. Poore, C.A. Young, D.W. Hancock, and G.J. Pent. 2020. J. of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 14:50-54.

Recent Shrinkage and Fragmentation of Bluegrass Landscape in Kentucky. Tao, B., Y. Yang, J. Yang, S.R. Smith, J. Fox, A.C. Ruane, J. Liu, and W. Ren. 2020. Remote Sensing 12:1815.

Nutritive value and yield of reduced-lignin alfalfa cultivars in monoculture and in binary mixtures with perennial grass. Cherney, J.H., S.R. Smith, C. Sheaffer, and D.J. Cherney. 2019.  Agronomy J. 112:352-367. 

Variability of ergovaline and total ergot alkaloid expression among endophytic tall fescue cultivars.  Dillard, S.L., Smith, S.R., Hancock, D.W. 2019. Crop Sci: 59:1-10.

Pregnant mares grazing a novel endophyte infected tall fescue foal normally. McDowell, K., Taylor, V., Phillips, T., Lea, K., Smith, S. R., Aiken, G., Barrett, M. 2019.  Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 74:56-64.

Case Study: Intake and apparent digestibility of Alamo and Cave-in-Rock switchgrass cultivars harvested as hay at 3 different maturities by beef calves. Davis, D., Aiken, G., Llewellyn, D. A., Lea, K., Smith, S. R. 2018.   Professional Animal Scientist.

Switchgrass growth and forage quality trends provide insight for management. Sena, K.L., B. Goff, D. Davis, and S.R. Smith. 2018. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage. Vol. 3.

Associations among U.S. locations for orchardgrass production. Robins, J.G., S.R. Smith,  M.H. Hall, C.D. Teutsch, and D.J. Undersander. 2018. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage. Volume 3.

Ethanol-soluble carbohydrates of cool-season grasses: prediction of concentration by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and evaluation of effects of species cultivar  and management. Kramer, K.J., I.A. Kagan, L.M. Lawrence, and S.R. Smith. 2020. J. of Equine Vet. Science 101:10342. 

Water-soluble carbohydrates of cool-season grasses: prediction of concentrations by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and evaluation of effects of genetics, management, and environment. Kramer, K.J., I.A. Kagan, L.M. Lawrence, B. M. Goff, and S.R. Smith. 2020.  J. of Equine Vet. Science 90: 103014.

Seasonal and diurnal variation in water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations of repeatedly defoliated red and white clovers in central Kentucky.  Kagan, I.A, M.L. Anderson, K.J. Kramer, D.H. Seman, L.M. Lawrence, and S.R. Smith. 2019. J. Equine Veterinary Science 84:102858.

Effects of harvest date, sampling time, and cultivar on total phenolic concentrations, water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations, and phenolic profiles of selected cool-season grasses in central Kentucky.  Kagan, I., Goodman, J., Seman, D., Lawrence, L., and Smith, S.R. 2019.  J.of Equine Veterinary Science 79:86-93.  

Effects of sampling time, cultivar, and methodology on water- and ethanol-soluble carbohydrate profiles of three cool-season grasses in central Kentucky. Kagan, I.A., L.M. Lawrence, D.H. Seman, *K.J. Prince, A.L. Fowler, and S.R. Smith. 2018.  J. Equine Veterinary Science 61 (2018) 99-107.